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Answer the folowing 10 questions based on the information given:
In each question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II.
You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts.
Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer as:
1 ⇒ If only conclusion I follows
2 ⇒ If only conclusion II follows
3 ⇒ If either I or II follows
4 ⇒ If neither I nor II follows and
5 ⇒ If both I and II follow.
Statements:
Conclusions:
Answer: 5
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative.
Also, the conclusion should not contain the middle term. So, II follows.
I is the converse of II and thus it also holds.
Hence, 5.
Statements:
Conclusions:
Answer: 4
The first premise is particular affirmative. So, the common term 'students' forming the predicate is not distributed.
The second premise is universal affirmative. So, the common term 'students' forming the predicate is not distributed.
Since the middle term is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.
Hence, 4.
Statements:
Conclusions:
Answer: 4
The first premise is universal negative, so, the middle term 'cricketer' forming the subject is distributed.
The second premise is universal affirmative. So, the middle term 'cricketers' forming the subject is distributed.
Since the middle term is distributed twice, the conclusion cannot be universal.
Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative.
Thus, it follows that 'Some rich men are not poor'. Thus, neither I nor II follows.
Hence, 4.
Statements:
Conclusions:
Answer: 1
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, I follows.
Since both the premises are affirmative, the conclusion cannot be negative. Thus, II does not follow.
Hence, 1.
Statements:
Conclusions:
Answer: 1
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term.
So, it follows that 'Some heavy things are grey in colour'.
I is a cumulative result of this conclusion and the first premise. Thus, only I holds.
Hence, 1.
Statements:
Conclusions:
Answer: 4
Since the middle term 'nice people' is distributed twice in the premises, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term.
So, it follows that 'Some of those who are fools, get mocked'.
Hence, 4.
Statements:
Conclusions:
Answer: 5
Since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative and should not contain the middle term. So, I follows.
II is the converse of the second premise and so it also holds.
Hence, 5.
Statements:
Conclusions:
Answer: 1
Since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative and should not contain the middle term. So, only I follows.
Hence, 1.
Statements:
Conclusions:
Answer: 2
Since both the premises are particular, no definite conclusion follows.
However, II is the converse of the second premise and thus it holds.
Hence, 2.
Statements:
Conclusions:
Answer: 3
Since the middle term 'homes' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.
However, I and II involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. So, either I or II follows.
Hence, 3.