The value that the modern West assigns to “an unassailable original” has resulted in all of the following EXCEPT:
Explanation:
Options (b) and (c) can be deduced from the passage, as Western philosophy emphasizes the significance of the original and regards it as more valuable and authentic.
Option (d) can be inferred from the example of the cathedral of Freiburg Minster, where craftsmen are continuously employed to preserve and restore the unassailable original.
Option (a) cannot be inferred from the passage. While the passage discusses the disparity in attitudes towards cloning between Europe and Asia, it does not explicitly state that the value placed on an unassailable original has influenced or discouraged Western perspectives on human cloning.
Hence, option (a).
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