Question: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author’s position.
The early optimism about sport's deterrent effects on delinquency was premature as researchers failed to find any consistent relationships between sports participation and deviance. As the initial studies were based upon cross-sectional data and the effects captured were short-term, it was problematic to test and verify the temporal sequencing of events suggested by the deterrence theory. The correlation between sport and delinquency could not be disentangled from class and cultural variables known. Choosing individuals to play sports in the first place was problematic, which became more acute in the subsequent decades as researchers began to document just how closely sports participation was linked to social class indicators.
The first sentence of the paragraph clearly states that researchers failed to find any link between sport participation and delinquency. Thus option 1 is incorrect. As per the last sentence of the paragraph, latter researchers found it difficult to choose individuals to play sports.
Thus option 2 which states that latter researchers found no consistent relationship between sport participation and deviance is incorrect and can be negated. .
Option 3 correctly summarizes the given paragraph. Retain it.
Option 4 cannot be inferred as mentioned in the last sentence of the paragraph.
Hence, the correct answer is option 3.