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Explanation:

Option 1 is factually correct and answers the question ‘how’ rather than ‘what’.
Options 2, 3 and 5 are partial in answering the question what the author is trying to illustrate.
Option 4 is supported by the following: “To discover the relation between rules, paradigms, and normal science, consider first how the historian isolates the particular loci of commitment that have been described as accepted rules.” (at the beginning of the passage) and “Normal science can be determined in part by the direct inspection of paradigms, … formulation of rules and assumption.” (Towards the end of the passage). This, then is the purpose of the passage.
Hence, the correct answer is option 4.