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Question:

Which two states account for the highest productivity of rice (tons produced per hectare of rice cultivation)?

Explanation:

The Area, out of the total area (in million hectares), that comes under rice cultivation for different states are -

1) HP : 20% of 6 = 1.2 million hectares

2) Kerala : 60% of 4 = 2.4 million hectares

3) Rajasthan : 20% of 34 = 6.8 million hectares

4) Bihar : 60% of 10 = 6 million hectares

5) Karnataka : 50% of 19 = 9.5 million hectares

6) Haryana : 80% of 4 = 3.2 million hectares

7) West Bengal : 80% of 8 = 7.2 million hectares

8) Gujarat : 60% of 20 = 12 million hectares

9) Punjab : 80% of 5 = 4 million hectares

10) MP : 40% of 31 = 12.4 million hectares

11) TN : 70% of 13 = 9.1 million hectares

12) Maharashtra : 50% of 31 = 15.5 million hectares

13) UP : 70% of 24 = 16.8 million hectares

14) AP : 80% of 28 = 22.4 million hectares

Productivity = Production (in million tons) / Area under rice cultivation (in million hectares)
Using the above formula we get the maximum value of productivity for Punjab and Huryana, which is equal to 6.

Hence, option (a).