Please submit your concern

Explanation:

Theology was the ‘queen of science’, but as it is cited in the fourth paragraph, “very few people went for it”. Thus, option 2 can be ruled out.
From paragraph 1, even the not-so-wealthy turned to education. The author cites two examples in this regard. Therefore, option 3 can be eliminated.
Option 4 goes against the idea depicted in the passage. Clergy’s influence although present did not rise.
Option 1 totals the idea of the move towards secularization of education in the twelfth century.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.